Graphics is a program
that enables a computer display and control pictures. The word itself derives
from the Greek word “γραφικός” which means “something written” in English. The term can be considered
as the images themselves. Generally it is considered as a visual image or
design on some surface. As an example you have: diagrams, symbols, photos,
drawings and etc.
Images that are
created by a computer are called computer graphics. Computer Graphics is one of
the fields of computer science which studies and explores the visual content in
the computer. It is divided into several subfields: Geometry, Animation,
Rendering, Imaging and Topology.
There are also two
fields of computer graphics which cannot be missed. It is 3D and 2D graphics,
those graphics usually generate the picture itself in the space given. 3D
graphics enables to display three-dimensional objects in a two dimensional
space (display screen), when 2D graphics can generate only two dimensional
objects. These graphics, unlike 2D, have a pixel that indicates where the point
lies on imaginary axis Z.
Two of the other
fields of graphics are also Raster and Vector graphics. Raster graphics (gif, jpeg)
is a bunch of pixels of various colors, which together form an image. Vector graphics
(.eps) is made of paths that are either curved or straight. Vector graphics
image can maintain quality when it gets bigger, because it is not made of
pixels.
What is Pixel? Pixel (
Picture Element) is a single point in an image. Monitors display image by
dividing the display into millions or more pixels. Pixels are arranged in rows
or columns . The number of Bits are
used to represent each pixel. A bit (binary digit) the smallest unit of
information on a machine. Values of 1 bit varies only from 0 to 1.
RGB ( red, green and
blue) is a system for displaying the colors that are used on a computer
display. These three colors can be combined in different proportions in order
to get any color wanted. Levels of intensity of RGB varies from 0 to 100. Also we have a term
called Graphic File Format, it is defined as an a format which represents
graphical images.
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